{"id":2723,"date":"2020-12-18T01:28:52","date_gmt":"2020-12-17T17:28:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yhalaw.com.my\/?p=2723"},"modified":"2024-09-09T09:11:41","modified_gmt":"2024-09-09T01:11:41","slug":"electronic-signature-and-digital-signature-in-malaysia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yhalaw.com.my\/my\/electronic-signature-and-digital-signature-in-malaysia\/","title":{"rendered":"ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE AND DIGITAL SIGNATURE IN MALAYSIA"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>What is an e-signature?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Under the Electronic Commerce Act 2006 (\u201c<strong>ECA<\/strong>\u201d), an e-signature is a signature adopted by a person in the form of any letter, character, symbol, number, sound or any of the combination which is created in an electronic form. An e-signature can replace a handwritten signature in virtually any process.<\/p>\n<p>Different forms of e-signature: &#8211;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bitmap Signature \u2013 Scanned images of handwritten signatures onto a document.<\/li>\n<li>Digital Signature \u2013 A process that guarantee the authenticity of the electronic document via asymmetric cryptosystem (an algorithm or series of algorithms which provide a secure key pair).<\/li>\n<li>Biometric Signature \u2013 Certified and verified signature via fingerprint, retina, iris or voice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>How is digital signature valid?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Yes. It is valid but the following conditions must be fulfilled:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The digital signature must be verified by reference to the public key listed in a valid certificate issued by a licensed certification authority;<\/li>\n<li>The digital signature was affixed by the signer with the intention of signing the message; and<\/li>\n<li>The recipient has no knowledge or notice that the signer has breached a duty as a subscriber and does not rightfully hold the private key used to affix the digital signature.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>What is the implication of signing under the digital signature?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A message shall be as <strong><u>valid, enforceable and effective<\/u><\/strong> as if it had been written on paper if: &#8211;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It bears in its entirety a digital signature; and<\/li>\n<li>That digital signature is verified by the public key listed in a certificate which was issued by a licensed certification authority and was valid at the time the digital signature was created.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>What documents can be executed via e-signature?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Corporate documents and contract.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>What documents cannot be executed electronically?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Powers of attorney<\/li>\n<li>Wills and codicils<\/li>\n<li>Trusts<\/li>\n<li>Negotiable instruments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Which certification authorities in Malaysia has the license from MCMC to issue digital certificates under the DSA<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pos Digicert Sdn Bhd (457608-K);<\/li>\n<li>MSC Trustgate.Com Sdn Bhd (478231-X);<\/li>\n<li>Telekom Applied Business Sdn Bhd (455343-U); and<\/li>\n<li>Raffcomm Technologies Sdn Bhd (1000449-W).<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Digital signature, its validity and implication of signing with digital signature &#8211; The Malaysia perspective<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2728,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1566],"tags":[1549,1605],"class_list":["post-2723","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cyber-law","tag-online","tag-signature"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yhalaw.com.my\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2723"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yhalaw.com.my\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yhalaw.com.my\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yhalaw.com.my\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yhalaw.com.my\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2723"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/yhalaw.com.my\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2723\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2729,"href":"https:\/\/yhalaw.com.my\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2723\/revisions\/2729"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yhalaw.com.my\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2728"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yhalaw.com.my\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2723"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yhalaw.com.my\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2723"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yhalaw.com.my\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2723"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}